How to Read a Lease: Step-by-Step

1. Start by Checking the Basics
   Make sure your name, the landlord's name, the property address, and the lease start and end dates are accurate.
2. Review the Rent Terms
   Confirm the rent amount, due date, grace period, and late fee policy—know exactly what’s expected each month.
3. Understand Security Deposit Rules
   How much is due, what it covers, how and when you’ll get it back, and what deductions are allowed.
4. Look for Additional Fees
   Watch for charges like pet fees, parking fees, amenity fees, or monthly utility contributions.
5. Check for Restrictions
   Understand any rules about guests, noise, smoking, subletting, and pet policies.
6. Confirm Repair and Maintenance Responsibilities
   Who handles what? Look for clauses about emergency repairs, timelines, and tenant obligations.
7. Get Promises in Writing
   If your landlord promises a repair, upgrade, or rent concession—make sure it’s written into the lease before signing.

What to Expect When Reading a Lease

• Leases vary widely: No two landlords or property managers use the same format—read every page carefully.
• You may discover hidden fees: Watch for charges related to trash, pets, parking, or maintenance not included in rent.
• Clauses may favor the landlord: Understand your rights and don’t be afraid to ask for clarification or changes.
• Verbal promises may not be honored: If it’s not in writing, it may not be enforceable—get everything documented.
• It’s okay to take your time: Ask for a copy to review before signing—never rush a lease agreement.

Pro Tips & Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Don’t assume it’s standard: Every lease is different—read every word before signing.
• Watch for vague language: If terms like “reasonable notice” or “to be determined” appear, ask for clarification.
• Ask about renewal terms up front: Some leases automatically renew or include rent increases—know before you commit.
• Photograph everything at move-in: Document the unit’s condition to avoid unfair charges when you move out.
• Never rely on verbal agreements: Get all promises in writing and included in the signed lease document.

How Jill Caught a Hidden Lease Fee Before Signing

Jill, a recent college graduate moving into her first apartment, was excited to sign her lease. Before doing so, she carefully reviewed every clause—and noticed a recurring $45 “maintenance fee” buried in the fine print.

She also spotted language that allowed the landlord to raise rent by 10% with just 30 days’ notice, even during the lease term. Unsure if this was standard, Jill reached out to a local tenant advocate and learned that the clause was unusual—and negotiable.

Jill brought her concerns to the property manager, who removed the fee and revised the rent-increase clause to apply only at renewal. Thanks to her diligence, Jill protected her budget and gained confidence as a renter.

The result? Jill signed a lease she fully understood—and avoided surprise charges that could’ve cost her hundreds.

Frequently Asked Questions

Need Help Understanding Your Lease?

Our housing counselors can help you review your lease, understand your renter rights, and avoid costly mistakes—before or after you sign.